Self-esteem, Comorbid Anxiety, and Depression Among Patients Living with Indwelling Catheters in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital

Authors

Keywords:

Comorbid anxiety, Depression, Indwelling catheter, Psychological distress, Self-esteem, Sociodemographic factors, Urological care

Abstract

Indwelling urinary catheterization, though essential for managing chronic urological conditions, often associated with psychological distress. Patients commonly experience self-esteem issues, anxiety, and depression, yet these concerns remain under-addressed in Nigerian healthcare settings. This study assessed levels of self-esteem and the prevalence of comorbid anxiety and depression among patients with indwelling catheters in a Nigerian teaching hospital, and explored the influence of sociodemographic factors. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo State, involving 525 patients aged 18 years and above with long-term indwelling catheters. Systematic random sampling was used. Data were collected using the Rosenberg Self- Esteem Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and analyzed using SPSS v25. Associations were tested using chi-square and binary logistic regression, with significance set at p < 0.05. Among respondents, 25.7% reported low self-esteem and 48.6% had comorbid anxiety and depression. Significant associations were observed with age (χ² = 254.037, p = 0.001), marital status (χ² = 79.730, p = 0.001), educational level (χ² = 124.477, p = 0.001), income (χ² = 34.600, p = 0.001), self-esteem (χ² = 192.421, p = 0.001), and age at first sexual exposure (χ² = 76.590, p = 0.000). Regression analysis revealed that early sexual debut (OR = 2.431), single marital status (OR = 3.846), and
undergraduate education (OR = 5.535) were significant predictors of psychological comorbidity (p = 0.001). Conclusively, High rates of psychological distress among catheterized patients highlight the urgent need for integrated mental health screening and psychosocial support within urological care in Nigeria.

Author Biographies

  • Ogundiniyi SO, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo

    Department of Surgery University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria

  • Ajekwu SC, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo

    Department of Surgery University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria

  • Kumolalo FO, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo

    Department of Surgery University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria

  • Akindiose C, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo

    Department of Surgery University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria

  • Awodele K, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo

    Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria

  • Falade J, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo

    Department of Mental Health, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria

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Published

2025-08-12

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Assessment of the usefulness of maternal serum beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin as predictive marker for pre eclampsia and poor clinical neonatal outcome

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Articles